Use of English PRO

Hidden Frictions in Modern Working Life

Read about modern working life, then answer the questions.

Text A

When I joined a fully remote company, I expected freedom; what I didn’t anticipate was how quickly work would seep into every corner of the day. Because there was no commute to signal ‘start’ or ‘finish’, I found myself replying to messages while eating, and then feeling oddly guilty if I didn’t. Management insisted that nobody was obliged to be ‘always on’, yet meetings were routinely scheduled across time zones, so declining them looked like a lack of commitment. I eventually realised the problem wasn’t workload so much as the absence of boundaries. Only after I began blocking out focus time and making my availability explicit did the constant sense of being on standby subside. Ironically, the arrangement that was meant to be flexible became sustainable only once I made it less so.

Text B

Our organisation rolled out an AI tool to ‘streamline’ decision-making, and it genuinely did reduce the number of spreadsheets circulating in email chains. The trouble started when managers treated its outputs as if they were impartial truths rather than probabilistic suggestions. When a colleague queried why her project had been downgraded, she was told, vaguely, that ‘the model didn’t rate it’. No one could explain which variables had carried the most weight, because the vendor’s system was effectively a black box. The irony is that the tool was introduced to remove bias, yet it became a convenient shield against scrutiny: responsibility drifted from people to an algorithm. After a tense staff forum, leadership agreed that any high-stakes recommendation would need a human-written rationale that could be challenged.

Text C

I spent years in an open-plan office that was celebrated by senior leaders as ‘collaborative’, though what it mainly encouraged was performative busyness. If you wore headphones, you were assumed to be unapproachable; if you didn’t, you were interrupted every ten minutes. The most draining part wasn’t the noise but the constant micro-negotiation of attention: nodding at passers-by, laughing at half-heard jokes, looking engaged when you were simply trying to finish a paragraph. Eventually, a small group of us persuaded facilities to trial ‘quiet hours’ and to convert one meeting room into a no-talking zone. Productivity rose immediately, not because we became less sociable, but because we finally had permission to concentrate without appearing antisocial.

Text D

After a promotion, I discovered that the hardest aspect of leadership was not strategy but emotion. My team’s performance reviews were meant to be routine, yet one conversation turned unexpectedly fraught: an excellent employee had been denied a pay rise due to a hiring freeze, and I was left to deliver the message. I tried to be transparent, but the more I explained the ‘business context’, the more it sounded like excuses. Later, my manager pointed out that I had focused on justifying the decision rather than acknowledging its impact. I now prepare for these meetings by separating what I can change from what I can’t, and by naming the disappointment upfront. It doesn’t make the outcome better, but it prevents the person from feeling brushed aside.

Text E

I left a prestigious role to freelance, imagining that autonomy would compensate for uncertainty. In practice, the work itself was enjoyable; it was the invisible administration that eroded my time—chasing late invoices, negotiating scope creep, and constantly marketing my next availability. Friends assumed I was ‘my own boss’, but that simply meant I had several bosses, none of whom spoke to each other. The most surprising shift was psychological: I felt compelled to accept projects that weren’t quite right, because turning them down seemed reckless. Over time, I built a retainer base and a template contract that made expectations explicit. Only then did independence start to resemble what I’d pictured: not a life without constraints, but one where I chose them deliberately.

Questions

1. Which text describes a situation in which a supposedly flexible arrangement became workable only after stricter personal rules were introduced?

2. Which text mentions a technological system being used to avoid accountability for contentious choices?

3. Which text refers to a working environment where people felt pressured to look busy rather than be effective?

4. Which text describes the difficulty of delivering an unpopular decision while trying not to appear dismissive?

5. Which text mentions the need to justify a recommendation in a way that others can contest?

6. Which text describes interruptions as frequent enough to make sustained concentration almost impossible?

7. Which text refers to the hidden, non-core tasks that consume time once someone becomes self-employed?

8. Which text describes the feeling that refusing requests could be interpreted as a lack of dedication?

9. Which text mentions a change that improved output by formally permitting people to work without interaction?

10. Which text describes a move to greater independence that initially resulted in taking unsuitable work out of fear?

About Reading Multiple Matching — Cambridge English C1

In this Cambridge English C1 Reading Multiple Matching exercise you read several texts and decide which text answers each of the 10 questions. Texts can be chosen more than once.

It tests fast, selective reading — locating specific information and opinions that are spread across different sections or short texts.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many questions are in this C1 Multiple Matching exercise?

There are 10 questions, and each is matched to one of the texts (a text may be used more than once).

What does Multiple Matching test?

Scanning and detailed matching — finding where specific ideas, facts or opinions appear across several texts.

Any tips for Multiple Matching?

Read the questions first, then scan the texts for the exact idea each question describes rather than matching similar words.

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What to do

In this part, you match questions or statements to sections of one text or several short texts.

Read the first text carefully and highlight information that corresponds to each question. Sometimes you will find a paraphrase of the information (different words meaning the same thing) rather than the keywords themselves.

Follow the same procedure for each text.

If you get stuck, select any answer. You can only gain marks by writing an answer.

Do this for every part of the exam, whenever you are unsure, write an answer.

Strategy

  1. Read the texts quickly to get a general idea of the topic.
  2. Read through the questions and underline key words and phrases that may help you.
  3. Scan the texts to find parts with a similar meaning to what you have underlined.
  4. Remember that the words will not be the same.