Use of English - Multiple Choice

Jobs in Transition

Few topics provoke as much debate as the effect of technological change on employment. New tools rarely destroy jobs overnight; instead, they tend to alter them in ways that are gradual but far-reaching. Workers whose tasks are repetitive may find parts of their role automated, while others are expected to (0) TAKE on responsibilities that previously did not exist. In many sectors, this has led to a growing demand for employees who can adapt quickly and learn continuously. Some commentators argue that technology mainly (1) .......... existing jobs, making them more efficient rather than eliminating them altogether. Others point out that entire categories of work can disappear when firms decide to (2) .......... labour with software or machines. Even so, history suggests that new industries usually emerge, though not always quickly enough to absorb those who have been displaced. The real challenge, therefore, lies in whether education systems and employers can (3) .......... workers with the skills needed for new roles. Without that support, many people may struggle to keep (4) .......... with workplace expectations. Governments are often urged to step (5) .......... and fund retraining programmes, especially in regions where traditional industries have declined. If they fail to do so, inequality may deepen and social tensions may (6) .......... up. For this reason, technological disruption should not be seen as a threat in (7) .........., but as a process whose effects depend largely on how societies respond (8) .......... it.