Use of English - Multiple Choice

Medical Ethics

Modern medicine has made extraordinary progress, but each breakthrough seems to raise a fresh set of moral questions. Advances that once appeared purely beneficial are now often viewed with caution, as doctors, patients and lawmakers try to (0) STRIKE a balance between innovation and responsibility. One of the main concerns is informed consent: patients must fully understand the risks involved before agreeing to a procedure, rather than being (1) .......... into decisions by fear or confusion. Another issue arises when limited resources force hospitals to (2) .......... between patients, especially in emergency situations. In such cases, medical staff may have to make rapid judgments that are legally defensible but still ethically (3) .......... . Genetic testing has also opened up debate, since it can reveal information that affects not only the individual but also their relatives, raising questions about privacy and the right to remain (4) .......... of certain facts. Meanwhile, developments in artificial intelligence promise greater accuracy in diagnosis, yet many experts warn against placing (5) .......... trust in systems whose reasoning may not be transparent. Even end-of-life care remains deeply controversial, as families and doctors may (6) .......... over whether treatment should be continued at all costs. What makes these dilemmas so difficult is that there is rarely a solution that leaves everyone satisfied; more often, society must simply (7) .......... with uncertainty and try to establish rules that reflect both compassion and fairness. For this reason, ethical debate in medicine is unlikely to (8) .......... any time soon.