Use of English - Open Cloze

Building Habits

Psychologists have long been interested in why some behaviours become automatic while others require constant effort. One widely accepted view is that habits are formed not simply through repetition, but through repetition in a stable context. If a person performs the same action day (0) AFTER day in response to the same cue, the brain gradually begins to link the situation with the behaviour itself. Over time, attention is needed less and less, and the action may occur almost (1) .......... conscious thought. This helps explain why people often find it easier to build a new habit by attaching it (2) .......... an existing routine. For example, someone who wants to read more might decide to do so immediately after making coffee each morning. The coffee then acts (3) .......... a trigger. Researchers also point out that rewards matter, even if people are not always aware (4) .......... them. A behaviour that leads to satisfaction is more likely to be repeated. However, habit formation is not the same (5) .......... personal change. People may wish to transform their lives overnight, but habits usually develop slowly. Success depends less on motivation alone and more (6) .......... consistency. In other words, it is better to repeat a small action regularly than to aim (7) .......... perfection and give up quickly. Once a pattern is established, people are often surprised (8) .......... how little effort it seems to require.